Air-propeller.



J. R. HAYDON.

AIR PROPELLER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 3. 1914.

1,1%1,i337.; PatentedJune 1, 1915.

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JAMES R. HAYDON', OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

AIR-PEOPELLER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented June 1, EH5.

Application filed September 3, 1914, Serial No. 859,941.

T (ZZZ 20710712212, may concern Be it known that I, JAMEs R. HAYDON, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the countyof Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Air-Propellers; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to a novelair propeller for driving or liftingflying machines, boats or other conveyances, and the inven tion consistsin the matters hereinafter set forth and more particularly pointed outin the appended claims. I

Among the objects of the invention is to provide a propeller of suchconstruction and arrangement as to increase the power there- 'of todrive or lift the machine relatively to the weight of the propeller ascompared to present practice.

A further object of the invention is to provide a propeller of suchconstruction as to render it practicable to build and operate apropeller of considerably larger diameter than feasible under presentpractice.

further object of the invention is to provide a propeller having aseries of blades which are mounted on radial elements that transmit thedriving power from the motor shaft, with means whereby the radialelements are tensioned by centrifugal action due to the rotation of thepropeller, whereby the radial elements may be made light, as compared totheir strengtlnto transmit the driving power of the propeller shaft tothe blades.

A further object of the invention is to provide a'high power propellerhaving a small resistance to its passage through the air in thedirection of movement of. the machine.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in an air propeller,blades which are free to move on their supports with controlling meansto hold the blades properly presented to the air for the most effectiveapplication of motive power.

Other objects of the invention are to improve and simplify propellers,as will hereinafter appear.

In the drawings :-Figure 1 is a plan or elevation of a propellerembodying my inventi'on. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail of one radialelements which act by centrifugal force, due to the rotation of thepropeller, to tension the radial elements so as to maintain them inproper radial relation to each other to transmit the driving power ofthe motor, through the shaft 14, to the blades. The blades may be madeof any suitable curvature and arranged at such angle relatively to theplane of rotation of the propeller as to present the most effectivesurface to the air to drive the machine. The means which act bycentrifugal action to tension the radial elements may consist of weights1%, separate from the blades and attached to the radial elements, asshown in Figs. 1 and 2, or

the blades themselves, as the blades 15 shown 7 in Fig. 4:, may be madeof suitable weight as to act as centrifugally acting tensioning factors.

In one embodiment of the invention the blades 12 are pivotally mountedon the radial elements 11, said blades being provided with hollow hubs16 which fit loosely on the radial elements, whereby the blades uponreceiving a dynamic pressure upon their driving faces are free toangularly adjust themselves relatively to their plane of rotation so asto properly present their driving faces to the air. As a result, whenthe pro peller is in action the blades are balanced with respect torotation about their axes. When the blades are thus loosely mounted onthe radial elements thev may be provided with controlling vanes 17 whichmay be made parts of or be fixed to the blades and extend rearwardlytherefrom in the plane of rotation of the propeller. As herein shown,the blades are fixed rigidly to or are made integral with the extensions18 of the hubs of the blades and are located at the sides of the blades.In some instances, the controlling vanes may trail behind the blades,but their location at the sides thereof is favorable for efficient bladecontrol, inasmuch as they thereby travel in areas of air

